Strategies for sustainable rural tourism development in Central Java, Indonesia

Abstract

This study explores pathways to transform sustainable rural tourism management in developing countries, addressing key questions: What strategies foster sustainable rural tourism in Central Java, Which policies support this transformation, What are the optimal scenarios for sustainable development, Conducted in the Kedung Ombo area, Central Java, Indonesia, a region spanning multiple districts with complex stakeholder dynamics, the research aims to devise strategies for sustainable rural tourism development. It fills a gap in strategic planning by proposing inclusive, stakeholder-driven policies to enhance economic, social, and environmental outcomes. Using the MULTIPOL method, a multicriteria analysis tool, data were analyzed to evaluate policies, programs, and scenarios based on stakeholder input from focus group discussions. The findings indicate that an integrated development policy, incorporating stakeholder interests, rural resources, infrastructure, and human capacity, is the most effective approach. Priority programs include improving infrastructure, boosting private investment, enhancing governance, developing amenities, and advancing information and communication technology. The study advocates for the “flight of the flamingos” and “leapfrogging” scenarios to achieve sustainable tourism growth. Structured around stakeholder collaboration and strategic planning, the article provides a framework for policymakers to foster sustainable rural tourism in Kedung Ombo and similar regions. Key findings emphasize the need for coordinated, inclusive policies to ensure long-term sustainability and economic benefits for rural communities.